Biblical Movie Versus Biblical Story Free Essays

string(23) of the theme on hand. The way toward making an interpretation of a book story into film is known as Film or Movie Adaptation. Film adjustment gives importance and life to the accounts that are restricted in books. It is fundamentally coddling a watcher of scenes and characters as opposed to the dull imaging requested of the peruser in the composed records. We will compose a custom exposition test on Scriptural Movie Versus Biblical Story or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now What is perceptible in Movie Adaptation is that there are a conspicuous likenesses and contrasts with composed records. Basically, the explanation is because of the way that composed records are too long to even consider fitting into the typical time runs or that in spite of the fact that the point was fascinating, it needed engaging scenes that would draw a horde of present day watchers or doesn't evoked the sort of feeling that is anticipated from such a circumstance or episode. That is the reason stories taken structure books in many cases were not truly converted into films. Story modification anyway should be done cautiously and with a level of attentiveness particularly including chronicled occasions. Anecdotal stories can be handily controlled yet obvious stories should adhere to reality (Dudley 95). The Biblical film the Passion of the Christ dependent on the recorded torturous killing of Christ, consistent with its tendency as an adjustment, had similitudes and contrasts from the composed record. Similitudes and contrasts can be seen on the character and characters of the Biblical figures just as depiction or conveyance of specific scenes. II. Conversation A. Likenesses 1. Scriptural Characters The most conspicuous Biblical characters depicted in the film are Jesus, Mary and Mary Magdalene, Jewish strict pioneers, Roman warriors and Pilate. In the accounts, Jesus is introduced as a modest, adoring, sympathetic and pardoning individual whose starting point is both perfect and human. He was conceived for the sole reason for passing on the cross for man’s recovery (Thompson 1085). As it were, the pivotal occasion of his life is his passing through the torturous killing. Mel Gibson’s film The Passion of the Christ carefully clings to the Biblical character and character of Christ. Christ’s is never observed as pernicious despite the maltreatment and affront stored upon him by the mistreating Jews and Romans. His adoration and sympathy goes forward unreservedly as he approaches God to excuse them for as indicated by him they don't have the foggiest idea what they were doing. He modestly acknowledged his coldblooded destiny because of his creation.. His affection for Mary was uncommonly imparted through his eyes. Be that as it may, what the film had implemented in Jesus character was his unimaginable limitation amidst irate crowds. His refusal to talk, to call the blessed messengers of paradise to spare him, or to his awesome forces to destroy his informers was entirely commendable and worth copying. Another noticeable figure of the story is Mary, Jesus’ Mother. The Biblical film matched with the composed introduction of Mary as a committed, giving up and adoring mother, straightforward as can be on the most fundamental level. Her sympathy and anguish at the situation of his Son and her eagerness to give up to the desire of God can cause a watcher to acknowledge Mary more in the film. Close by Mary was the committed Mary Magdalene whose humble heart demonstrated forward in the film. Another unmistakable character from which the famous â€Å"washing of hands† informal articulation is taken (meaning a person’s method of evacuating blame or investment of an activity or choice) is Pilate, the Roman legislative head of Judea. Like the Bible Pilate is depicted as a fainthearted, dreadful man who can't face his feelings (Thompson 1019). The last gatherings to have had a profound effect in the film are the aggrieving Jewish strict pioneers and the Roman watchmen. They can be portrayed as the unmitigated opponent of the story (Satan is the prime adversary however his mischievous behavior were increasingly inconspicuous). The Jewish pioneers and the Jews were depicted as a gathering of men hungry to see Jesus killed. These vindictive and derisive perspectives are dedicated to the depiction of the Bible. The Bible obviously said that they even like to see Barabas free, the famously sentenced cheat, than to let Jesus get away from the torturous killing. Depicting Jews in such a way emerged fight from different races, particularly the Jews, pronouncing that it has hostile to Semitic suggestions (Carroll 2004). The Roman troopers then again were additionally observed to as barbarous. In spite of the fact that not legitimately associated with Jewish encounters on strict issues, they were likewise anxious to partake in the horrible savagery. Some of them anyway gave indications of a delicate side. 3. Discoursed and Setting The whole film was committed to the last long stretches of Jesus on earth. It started with his supplication in the nursery at Gethsemane, his capture at day break upon the treachery of Judas, to his being brought before the Jewish Sanhedrin, his appearance before Pilate, his desolation while in transit to cross lastly his execution. For the most part, these scenes are devoted to the Biblical record. A few discoursed spoken fits the scriptural articulations, for example, Jesus words â€Å"Father pardon them for they do no realize what they do† , just as the exchanges of Jesus and his pupils during the last dinner and numerous others. The whipping of Jesus while in transit to the cross, his being nailed in it between the two sentenced criminals , the throwing of heaps of the Roman troopers are additionally found in the Bible. The manner in which Jesus was being scourged and bloodied conjure man’s most profound compassion or gratefulness for his anguish and enthusiasm for humankind. The holy book even said that because of beating â€Å"he was disfigured to such an extent that he doesn't take after like a Man†(Thompson 714 ). B. Contrasts Although the Biblical film has numerous similitudes with the Biblical story, it additionally had numerous undeniable contrasts. Numerous individuals may contend that the expansion of such a scene might be pardoned as â€Å"Hollywood’s creative liberties† to grow the Biblical content or augmenting the bounds of the story so as to draw more thankfulness and comprehension of the subject close by. You read Scriptural Movie Versus Biblical Story in classification Papers 1. Depiction of the execution. The film was centered around the last long stretches of Jesus, from first light to three o’clock toward the evening when Christ’s kicked the bucket. The anguish and torment while in transit to the cross and Christ’s possible execution was appeared in a striking, astonishing point of interest: tissue fall off subsequent to whipping, Christ’s hand was stretch past cutoff when nailed on the cross, steady whipping from start to finish of the excursion, a bloodied Christ’s continue tumbling off, and a nailed Christ was turned level on the ground with such powerful mercilessness sending a dust storm noticeable all around. It was the first occasion when that such a ridiculous and brutal depiction of Christ’s torturous killing at any point hit movie theaters. Despite the fact that the Bible mentioned whipping and nailing, it didn't summon a similar symbolism of torment as observed on the film. The film is by all accounts excessively severe and brimming with slaughter( Carroll 2007). One explanation maybe is on the grounds that the Bible didn't actually offer a nitty gritty record of such occasion while the fundamental focal point of the film was simply the torturous killing. The issue might be because of the way that it was simpler more to picture what truly happened on screen than on paper. At the end of the day, the feeling existing apart from everything else is effectively imparted and comprehended through the big screen. There is a likelihood that such types of mercilessness are experienced by Jesus in the possession of the Roman troopers for Roman officers are known to be brutal killers (Perry 98). What the film was attempting to accomplish however is that the watcher will acknowledge what Jesus accomplished for them, and not to regard Jesus execution as simply one more authentic occasion of his life. 2. Scenes not found in the Bible. There are endless scenes not found in the Bible. A portion of the remarkable scenes are: Jesus smashing the snake with his foot in the Garden of Gethsemane. This scene can never be found in the Bible (Thompson 1017). The importance of the snake could be that since it is a well known image of Satan, it implies that Satanic impacts are close, ever prepared to discourage Jesus from satisfying his incomparable strategic kicking the bucket in the cross . At the point when Jesus squashed the serpent’s feet, it implies that he was successful over the fallen angel. The scene may assist the watcher with realizing how hard it probably been for Christ to give up to the desire of the Father concerning the manner in which he was going to kick the bucket. A touchy peruser may then acknowledge how solid and honorable Christ’s truly was. Satan , as a delightful lady, did came to entice Jesus to forego his strategic sparing men for she contended that it was a weight too difficult to even think about bearing for a solitary man. Both the discussion and evil appearance in the Garden were not recorded in the Bible. What is upsetting in that scene (and in numerous scenes a short time later) anyway is that Satan was spoken to by a lovely lady. No place in the Bible is Satan depicted thusly however he may â€Å"appear as Angel of Light:† It would have been increasingly sensible and strictly fitting if Satan was depicted as a male. The scenes while in transit to the cross were brimming with occurrences that can never be perused in the Bible. For example, Mary and the customary Veronica cleaning the essence of Jesus with a new material gave to them by the spouse of Pilate. Despite the fact that not found in the Bible, this is plainly an acknowledged custom in the life of Christ by the Catholic Church. As indicated by conventional Catholic stories the essence of Jesus became engraved in the cloth and was then safeguarded( . The female Satan likewise continued showing up while in transit to execution, clearly provoking Mary. Another scene worth referencing is that Jesus met Mary while in transit to the cross. This isn't referenced in the Bible, nor was it inferred that she was there a

Social Media Impact for Consumer Preferences - myassignmenthelp

Question: Talk about theSocial Media Impact for Consumer Preferences. Answer: Online networking Impact And Business Success One of the most noteworthy components in todays business world is internet based life who is picking up noticeable quality quickly. Simple to utilize innovation alongside different focal points can't be maintained a strategic distance from by entrepreneurs and is adjusted by them to acknowledge reasonable advantages. It is one of those instruments at fingertips that empower sharing informations all around inside few seconds(Banerjee, 2015). The commitment of online life to business has ended up being a significant viewpoint for business disappointment or achievement. The two kinds of online life promoting methodologies are detached and dynamic. So as to spread the mindfulness about companys items, organizations utilize these advertising styles that assist them with appointing effective arrangement for marketing(Patrick, 2017). Dynamic technique: The key goal of dynamic system in media showcasing is to make business sites in the highest point of internet searcher pages with the goal that each time a client makes any quest for wanted item on the web, the ideal companys name is reflected. The more crowds gets ready for marriage, odds of getting clients increase(JieXu, 2011). The dynamic technique makes advancements and ads, yet additionally includes clients through visiting. Question and answers can be deciphered diversely through genuine encounters about item. Hyper focussing on notices is additionally made by web-based social networking like LinkedIn, Twitter and Facebook that objectives intrigued clients and holds data about them. In this way by social occasion clients under one stage, dynamic procedure gets answerable for business successes(Chucwuemeca, 2016). Aloof system: Passive media technique doesn't permit contribution of clients like dynamic methodology. It follows a progression of data in single sided bearing where clients get the opportunity to understand informations and information with respect to items. TV and magazines are best models in which uninvolved promoting technique is used. In business inactive system is incredibly utilized where factual information and buyers voice is required(Patrick, 2017). The data increased through reviews can be deciphered in inactive media showcasing from which organizations gets diagram of informations that could some way or another demonstrate costly by social occasion through close to home examinations. Inactive media promoting method are commonly utilized by partners for sharing companys information(JieXu, 2011). Both dynamic and aloof media showcasing demonstrates helpful for business accomplishment as innovation is partaken in basic way which empowers relational relations. One route sharing of data makes a reliable vehicle for clients as informations doesn't gets altered by outside sources. While utilizing dynamic procedure, the live cooperations made by extreme purchasers have consistently furnished with great effects on business. In this manner it tends to be said that both the procedures are similarly essential to be joined in showcasing by todays businesses(Patrick, 2017). References Banerjee, R. (2015). Effect of Social media on Consumer Preferences in Fashion Trends. Recovered from https://www.slideshare.net/RohinaBanerjee/sway of-web based life on-buyer inclinations in-style patterns Chucwuemeca, V. (2016). The 4 Kinds of Media we Consume. Recovered from https://sambuno.com/uninvolved media-sorts media-expend/ JieXu, E. M. (2011). Getting Active and Passive Users: The Effects of an Active User Using Normal, Hard and Unreliable Technologies on User Assessment of Trust in Technology and Co-User. Recovered from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3422026/ Patrick, M. (2017). Dynamic Vs. Uninvolved Marketing. Recovered from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/dynamic versus latent promoting 32665.html

Harvard Social Enterprise Conference

Harvard Social Enterprise Conference The Social Enterprise Conference brings together top leaders, practitioners, and students passionate about social enterprise. In our 17th year, the conference’s content focused on the untold truths of Social Enterprise and challenge participants to dare to take the steps necessary to make a difference. One of the great things about being at one of the top universities in the world is being right next to another one of the top universities in the world. The conference took place on Saturday, March 5th at the Harvard Kennedy School and Sunday, March 6th at Harvard Business School, neither of which Ive ever been to before. I really wanted to go but I had a pset due on Saturday and plans to hang out with friends Friday. So I stayed up Friday night watching Pineapple Express with a fraternity brother, then worked for six hours, finished by 8am, slept for three hours, woke up, had a nice cup of coffee, called up my friends inviting them to join me at Harvard that day, turned my MIT hat inside out, and made my way up to conference. AT MIT, they say you have to pick only two between academics, sleep, and social life, but I was damn sure going to squeeze in all three.   The Harvard Social Enterprise Conference had attendees and sponsors from all over the world. It was an honor to be able to attend and meet amazing people who shared such a strong desire to have a positive impact in the world. Aldrich Hall, part of the Harvard Business School and the location of some of the panels on the second day of the conference. This is a study hall inside of Spangler Hall. A study hall. I dont know how people could study in a place like this. Id be too distracted gawking around at the chandeliers, the mahogony floors, the fancy rugs, the leather chairs, and the exquisite atmosphere. Rich Corinthian leather. At the Untapped Talent: Breaking Down Barriers to Employment panel. Afterwards I got to talk to one of the panelists, Jordyn Lexton, founder of Drive Change, locally sourced food trucks that hire, teach, and empower formerly incarcerated youth. I shared the story of our jalapeño bacon mac and cheese  campaign  my friends and I did a few months ago and Jordyn was extremely impressed at how far weve come and how far we plan to go. Back to the Future: Impact Investing. Another panel on the second day of the conference expaling impact investments, investments into companies made with the intention to generate a measurable social or environmental impact alongside a financial return. These panels were great, but the real stealer of the show came towards the end of the first day during a virtual reality demo, where I watched an eight-minute virtual reality film called Inside Impact: East Africa. The film is part of the Clinton Global Initiative and documents President Clinton and Chelsea Clintons trip to East Africa in spring 2015 and how the Clinton Global Intitiative is changing lives and empowering communities.   I put on the glasses and just like that, I was teleported to Bill Clintons office, where he was briefing me on the initiative. I listened to him at first, but soon I became distracted and started spinning around on my chair and looking outside his office window. Suddenly I found myself in downtown Nairobi, Kenya, in the middle of the day. I was sitting behind a merchants table at a marketplace as I looked around, noticing the skyscrapers and the busy traffic around me. Then I was teleported to Kibera, the largest slum in Africa, but only a short distance away from Nairobi. I was sitting on the railroad tracks overlooking the slums. I could practically feel the heat wave over me and hear the mosquitos buzzing around. I then sat in a classroom at the Farasi Lane School back in Nairobi. A teacher trained by the Discovery Learning Alliance (DLA) was teaching her students about malaria prevention. I listened to the class, how it was taught, and how the kids answered the questions. Image courtesy of the Clinton Global Initiative. With the virtual reality headset I could see the classroom and even look directly behind me to the kids sitting in the back seats. Afterwards, I met with a Solar Sister Entrepreneur in rural Karatu, Tanzania. A solar panel on her roof charges a generator and provides her house with power, but she also sells solar-powered lights, cookstoves, and other goods. Then I attended the Starkey Foundations public hearing aid fitting in one of the neighborhoods. I watched a little boy regain his hearing and react to the snapping of his moms fingers and her subsequent tears of joy after the hearing aid was put into his ear. After the experience ended, I took off my googles and was back in the basement of the Harvard Kennedy School, speechless. I travelled halfway around the world and experienced the lives of six different people in eight minutes. The experience connected me a lot more with the communities in Nairobi, Kibera, and Karatu, and I see so much potential for how virtual reality could bring us closer in the future. I decided right then and there I was going to get a virtual reality headset for myself to start messing around and developing for it. I stood up, walked over to the table, put the goggles down, pulled out my phone, went on Amazon.com, and bought myself a Samsung Gear VR. If you guys want to get involved as well, I suggest buying a pair or getting the much cheaper Google Cardboard, which works with any phone, or even just finding a virtual reality group near you. Theres tons of virtual reality Facebook and Meetup groups you can join.

Philosophy And Its Importance Of Philosophy - 861 Words

Philosophy and Its Importance Doing philosophy as many philosophers demonstrate over time and in the present is to simply question the understanding of what is known and not known or accepted and unaccepted. This is to say, that philosophers must question all aspects of life and all the surrounding dimensions of the world. In doing so, the philosopher is trying to grasp a firmer or different understanding of the truth that is either presently or not presently known; whether comforting or not comforting. One of the world’s most famous and original philosophers Socrates, had a student named Plato who explains this very concept of philosophy in the â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† when describing what it would be like for the newly free prisoner to realize the actual true reality in which the prisoner lives in. â€Å"[The prisoner would] be pained and dazzled and unable to see whose shadows [the prisoner had] seen before†, but the prisoner would now see reality more clea rly than previously seen before. (Plato) Though the prisoner’s revelation seems to be uncomforting, Plato follows this newly sorrowful seen reality by asserting that the prisoner’s next steps in continuing would be to â€Å"see the sun, not images of it in water or some alien place, but the sun itself, in its own place, and be able to study it.† (Plato) The prisoner could now expand on this new realization of reality and allow this new view to further carry the prisoner to future and further understandings of reality and itsShow MoreRelatedImportance And Importance Of Philosophy1179 Words   |  5 PagesSarah Smith Philosophy 102 Dan Synnesvedt 18 September 2017 What is Philosophy? Philosophy is the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline(Webster.) The value theory or value system is the system that is used in order to determine how one determines the importance of things, ideas and people. 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A pedagogical view allows the students to reflect upon their activities to solve a scientific puzzle which can stimulate the learning process for future endeavors. Students cant just learn science content andRead More The Importance of Philosophy Essay1171 Words   |  5 PagesThe Importance of Philosophy The question is Philosophy. Why is it important? What makes it important? To answer theses questions you first have to know what philosophy is. Philosophy is defined as: the pursuit of wisdom; a search for a general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather than observational means. This is the written definition of philosophy, but I think philosophy can’t be defined to just words. It’s more then words. Philosophy to me is an attempt to understandRead MoreThe Importance of Philosophy to Engineering8110 Words   |  33 PagesAbstract Philosophy has not paid sufficient attention to engineering. Nevertheless, engineering should not use this as an excuse to ignore philosophy. The argument here is that philosophy is important to engineering for at least three reasons. First, philosophy is necessary so that engineers may understand and defend themselves against philosophical criticisms. In fact, there is a tradition of engineering philosophy that is largely overlooked, even by engineers. Second, philosophy, especially ethicsRead MoreImportance of Moral Philosophy1122 Words   |  5 PagesA Moral Essay As a human being and as a leader, moral philosophy is very important (Fagothey, 2000; Pojman, 2012). What a leader believes from a moral and ethical standpoint is often shaped by what that leader was taught growing up. Each person has a set of morals that they learned at some point in their life. These morals were observed from and taught by parents and other family members, as well as friends, neighbors, teachers, and others in the community. 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To begin with, he encouraged people of all ages, whether young or old, to study philosophy in order to develop better understanding of what desires to fulfill. By philosophy, Epicurus meant a state of mind, based on a realistic worldview that, if its implications were understood, would free people’s minds from superstitious fear and moral anxietyRead MoreEssay on The Importance of Moderation in Greek Philosophy1842 Words   |  8 Pagesis a classic example of the consequences of gaining too much knowledge. Remnants of this tale can be seen throughout the western world an in some of the greatest literature. The Greeks are known for their contributions to government, culture and philosophy. Their influence can still be seen today. The Greeks produced ideas that laid the groundwork for modern civilizations and they pushed the boundaries of knowledge in sever al areas. However, some of the most celebrated Greek thinkers questioned theRead MoreThe Importance of Disctinction Between Knowledge and Belief in Philosophy1231 Words   |  5 PagesThe Importance of Disctinction Between Knowledge and Belief in Philosophy To try and decipher the distinction between knowledge and belief we must first understand what the meaning of Philosophy is. In its simplest definition it translates to â€Å"the love of wisdom† taken from the Greek word â€Å"philo† which means love and â€Å"sophia† meaning wisdom. Philosophers love to know the truth about the general principles of the world and they pursue the truth in these. Through the ages

America s Drug Enforcement And Addiction - 1725 Words

It might seem like the United States has become more lenient on drug enforcement and addiction. Considering that municipalities removed penalties for bringing in someone overdoing on drugs into the emergency room and have lowered the minimum amount of time someone spends in prison for drug possession. However, I argue these changes are motivated by the changing face of heroin or its increasing use among the white suburban middle class. For instance, more social resources have been allocated to today’s Heroin epidemic compared to harsh crime laws issued in the 1990’s used to combat the Drug War. One can argue that the United States has taken steps to improve the treatment of drug users, but this overlooks the fact that there is an†¦show more content†¦(Fernandez) This resulted in increasing instances of racially segregated neighborhoods and aggravated Urban decay in Inner city neighborhoods. Although disenfranchisement in the South may not fully explain why drug addiction marginalizes racial minorities, it is key to explaining why African Americans and other minorities were subject to harsher penalties during 1990’s. The War on Drugs was declared In the 1980’s and 90’s, the United States was going through a War on Drugs. â€Å"The carceral effects of the New Democrats’ competition with the Republicans vastly increased the ranks of the incarcerated. State and federal prisons imprisoned more people under Clinton’s watch than under any previous administration.† (Murch) The Clinton administration took a different approach to what its republican predecessors did. It included The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 which introduced harsher penalties for drug trafficking and violent and escalated the Drug War. The bill included provisions such as: â€Å"†¦including a three strikes mandatory life sentence for repeat offenders, money to hire 100,000 new police officers, $9.7bn in funding for prisons, and an expansion of death penalty-eligible offences. It also dedicated $6.1bn to prevention [programs] designed with significant input from experienced police officers, however, the bulk of the funds were dedicated to measures that are seen as punitive rather than rehabilitative or preventative.† (BBC)Show MoreRelatedLaw Enforcement : The United States Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesWe the People Law enforcement was designed in the early 1800’s by a man named Robert Peal, which is why cops are sometimes referred to as Bobbies in England; designing an organization of law enforcement that would protect people from harming other people (Christ). This was the model that we based our western law enforcement agencies on, until prohibition became a federal task in the 1920’s. 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Forrest Gump Chapter Thirteen Free Essays

string(102) " this little partition to take a pee in a jar in private, when all of a sudden I hear this commotion\." Chapter Thirteen My first impression is of bein squashed under somethin, such as my daddy was when them bananas fell on him. Can’t move, can’t yell, can’t say nothin, can’t do nothin – we is strictly here for the ride. Outside, lookin thru the winder, all I can see is blue sky. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump Chapter Thirteen or any similar topic only for you Order Now The spaceship is movin out. After a little wile, we seem to slow down some, an things ease up. Major Fritch say we can unbuckle our seatbelts now, an get on bout our bidness, whatever it is. She say we is now travelin at a speed of fifteen thousan miles a hour. I look back an sure enough, the earth is only a little ball behin us, just like it look in all them pichers from outer space. I look aroun, an there’s the big ole ape, all sour-lookin, an glum, glarin at Major Fritch an me. She say maybe he want his lunch or somethin, an for me to go on back there an give him a banana afore he gets angry an does somethin bad. They has packed a little bag of food for the ape an it contain bananas an some cereals an dried berries an leaves an shit like that. I get it open an start rummagin thru it lookin for somethin that will make the ape happy, an meantime, Major Fritch is on the radio with Houston Groun Control. â€Å"Now listen here,† she say, â€Å"we has got to do somethin bout this ape. It ain’t Sue – it is a male ape, an he don’t look none to glad to be here. He might even be violent.† It took a wile for the message to get there an a reply to get back to us, but some feller down there say, â€Å"Awe pooh! One ape is jus like any other.† â€Å"The hell it is,† Major Fritch say. â€Å"If you was in this little bitty compartment with that big ole thing you would be singing a different tune.† An after a minute or two a voice come cracklin over the radio, say, â€Å"Look, you is ordered not to tell anybody about this, or we will all be made laughing-stocks. As far as you or anybody else is concerned, that ape is Sue – no matter what it’s got between its legs.† Major Fritch look at me an shake her head. â€Å"Aye, aye, sir,† she say, â€Å"but I’m gonna keep that fucker strapped in as long as I’m in here with him – you understand that?† An from the ground control there come back one word: â€Å"Roger.† Actually, after you get used to it, bein in outer space is kind of fun. We is without gravity, an so can float all over the spaceship, an the scenery is remarkable – moon an sun, earth an stars. I wonder where Jenny Curran is down there, an what she is doin. Aroun an aroun the earth we go. Day an night go by ever hour or so an it sort of put a different perspective on things. I mean, here I am doin this, an when I get back – or should I say if I get back – what then? Go an start up my little srimp-growin bidness? Go find Jenny again? Play in The Cracked Eggs? Do somethin about my mama bein in the po house? It is all very strange. Major Fritch be catchin a wink or two of sleep whenever she can, but when she ain’t sleepin, she is bitchin. Crabbin bout the ape, crabbin bout what kind of jackoffs they is down at groun control, crabbin bout she got no place to put on her makeup, crabbin bout me eatin food when it ain’t supper or lunchtime. Hell, all we got to eat is Granola bars anyway. I don’t want to be complainin too much, but it seem like they might of picked a good-lookin woman or at least one that don’t bitch all the time. An furthermore, let me say this: that ape ain’t no dreamboat either. First I give it a banana – okay? It grapped the banana an started peelin it, but then it put the banana down. Banana started floatin all aroun the cabin of the spaceship an I got to go find it. I give it back to the ape an he start mushin it up an flingin the mush everplace, an I got to go clean that up. Wants attention all the time too. Evertime you leave it alone it commences to put up an enormous racket an clack its jaws together like a set of them wind-up teeth. Drive you nuts after a wile. Finally I got out my harmonica an started playin a little somethin – â€Å"Home on the Range,† I think it was. An the ape started to calm down a little. So I played some more – stuff like â€Å"The Yellow Rose of Texas† an â€Å"I Dream of Jeannie with the Light Brown Hair.† Ape is lyin there lookin at me, peaceful as a baby. I forget there is a tv camera in the spaceship an they is pickin all this up down there at groun control. Nex mornin when I wake up somebody hole up a newspaper in front of the camera down in Houston for us to see. The headline say, â€Å"Idiot Plays Space Music to Soothe Ape.† That is the sort of shit I has got to contend with. Anyhow, things are goin along pretty good, but I been noticin that ole Sue is lookin at Major Fritch in a kind of strange way. Ever time she get near him, Sue sort of perk up an be reachin out like he wants to grap her or somethin, an she start bitchin at him – â€Å"Git away from me you awful thing. Keep your hans to yoursef!† But ole Sue has got somethin in mind. That much I can tell. It ain’t long before I find out what it is. I have gone behin this little partition to take a pee in a jar in private, when all of a sudden I hear this commotion. You read "Forrest Gump Chapter Thirteen" in category "Essay examples" I stick my head aroun the partition an Sue has managed to grap a holt of Major Fritch an he has got his han down in her space suit. She is yellin an hollerin to beat the band an is crackin Sue over the head with the radio microphone. Then it dawns on me what the problem is. Wile we has been up in space for nearly two days, ole Sue been strapped into his seat an ain’t had a chance to take a leak or nothin! An I sure remember what that’s like. He must be bout to bust! Anyhow, I go over an got him away from Major Fritch an she still hollerin an yellin, callin him a â€Å"filthy animal,† an shit like that. When she get loose, Major Fritch go up to the front of the cockpit an put her head down an start sobbin. I unstrap Sue an take him behin the partition with me. I find a empty bottle for him to pee in, but after he finished, he take the bottle an heave it into a panel of colored lights an it bust to pieces an all the pee start floatin aroun in the spaceship. I say, to hell with this, an start leadin Sue back to his seat when I seen a big glob of pee headin straight for Major Fritch. It look like it gonna hit her in the back of the head, so I turn Sue loose an try to head off the pee with a net they have give us for catchin stuff that’s floatin aroun. But jus as I am bout to net the glob of pee, Major Fritch sit back up an turn aroun an it caught her right in the face. She start hollerin an bawlin again an in the meantime, Sue has done gone an started rippin out wires from the control panel. Major Fritch is screamin, â€Å"Stop him! Stop him!† but before you know it, sparks an stuff is flyin all aroun inside the spaceship an Sue is jumpin from ceilin to floor tearin shit up. A voice come over the radio wantin to know â€Å"What in hell is goin on up there?† but by then it is too late. The spaceship is weavin all aroun an goin end over end an me, Sue an Major Fritch is tossed aroun like corks. Can’t grap holt of nothin, can’t turn off nothin, can’t stan up or set down. The voice of groun control come over the radio again, say, â€Å"We is noticin some kine of minor stabilization trouble with your craft. Forrest, will you manually insert the D-six program into the starboard computer?† Shit – he got to be jokin! I’m spinnin aroun like a top an I got a wild ape loose in here to boot! Major Fritch is hollerin so loud I cannot hear or even think nothin, but the gist of what she is hollerin seem to be that we is bout to crash an burn. I managed to get a glance out of the winder, an in fact things don’t look good. That earth comin up on us mighty fast. Somehow I managed to get to where the starboard computer is, an hold on to the panel with one han an I’m puttin D-six into the machine. It is a program designed to land the spaceship in the Indian Ocean in case we get in trouble, which we certainly is now. Major Fritch an ole Sue be holdin on for dear life, but Major Fritch holler out, â€Å"What is you doin over there?† When I tole her, she say, â€Å"Forgit that, you stupid turd – we is already done passed over the Indian Ocean. Wait till we go roun again an see if you can set us down in the South Pacific.† Believe it or not, it don’t take much time to go roun the world when you is in a spaceship, an Major Fritch has grapped holt to the radio microphone an is hollerin at them people at groun control that we is headed for either a splash-down or crash-down in the South Pacific Ocean an to come get us as soon as they can. I’m punchin buttons like crazy an that big ole earth is loomin closer. We fly over somethin Major Fritch thinks look like South America an then there be only water again, with the South Pole off to our left an Australia up ahead. Then everthing get scorchin hot, an funny little souns are comin from the outside of the spaceship an it start shakin an hissin an the earth is dead up ahead. Major Fritch shout to me, â€Å"Pull the parachute lever!† but I am pinned in my seat. An she is pressed up against the ceilin of the cabin, an so it look like it’s curtains for us, since we is goin bout ten thousan miles a hour, an headed straight for a big ole green blob of land in the ocean. We hit that goin this fast, ain’t even gonna be a grease spot lef. But then all of a sudden somethin go â€Å"pop† an the spaceship slow down. I look over, an damn if ole Sue ain’t pulled the parachute lever hissef an saved our asses. I remind mysef then an there to feed him a banana when all this shit is over. Anyhow, the spaceship be swingin back an forth under the parachute, an it look like we is gonna hit the big ole green blob of land – which apparently ain’t so good neither, since we is sposed only to hit water an then ships will pick us up. But ain’t nothin gone right from the time we set foot in this contraption, so why should anybody expect it to now? Major Fritch is on the radio an sayin to groun control, â€Å"We is bout to land on someplace north of Australia out in the ocean, but I ain’t sure where we is.† Couple of seconts later a voice come back say, â€Å"If you ain’t sure where you is, why don’t you look out the winder, you dumb broad?† So Major Fritch put the radio down an go look out the winder an she say, â€Å"Jesus – this look like Borneo or someplace,† but when she try to tell that to groun control, the radio done gone dead. We be gettin real close to the earth now, an the spaceship still swinging under the parachute. There is nothin but jungle an mountains beneath us cept for a little bitty lake that is kind of brown. We can barely make out somethin going on nex to the lake down there. The three of us – me, Sue an Major Fritch – all got our noses pressed to the winder lookin down, an all of a sudden Major Fritch cry out, â€Å"Good God! This ain’t Borneo – this is fuckin New Guinea, an all that shit on the groun must be one of them Cargo Cults or somethin!† Sue an me lookin down hard, an there on the groun nex to the lake, lookin back at us, is about a thousan natives, all with they arms raised up towards us. They is wearin little grass skirts an has their hair all flayed out, an some is carryin shields an spears. â€Å"Damn,† I say, â€Å"what you say they is?† â€Å"Cargo Cult,† Major Fritch say. â€Å"In World War II we used to drop packages of candy an stuff like that on these jungle bunnies to keep em on our side, an they ain’t never forgot it. Figgered it was God or somebody doin it, an ever since, they is waiting for us to come back. Even built crude runways an all – see down there? They has got a landin zone all marked off with them big roun black markers.† â€Å"Them things look more like cookin pots to me,† I says. â€Å"Yeah, they do, sort of,† Major Fritch say curiously. â€Å"Ain’t this where cannibals come from?† I axed. â€Å"I reckon we will soon find out,† she say. Spaceship is gently swingin towards the lake, an jus afore we hit, they start beatin they drums an movin they mouths up and down. We can’t hear nothin on account of bein in the capsule, but our maginations doin just fine. How to cite Forrest Gump Chapter Thirteen, Essay examples

Kabbalah Essays - Jewish Culture, Sephirot, Kabbalah,

Kabbalah Kabbalah is described as Jewish mysticism dating back to the beginning of time according to holy beliefs. Opposed to traditional Judaism, Kabbalistic beliefs are based on a different interpretation of the book of Genesis. Kabbalistic concepts consist mainly of a Sephirot Tree which organizes the ten basic principals of life and an organized Universe making this branch of Judaism very different than other mainstream religions. Kabbalists have faith that divine status can be reached through means of traditional magick to find the meaning in numbers and letters of the holy scriptures making Kabbalah very unique in it's beliefs. I. Creation A. Taught by God to a group of angels B. Hebrew Sources in Israel C. first centuries B.C.E. II. Scriptures A. Book of Zohar (Book of Splendor) B. Sefer Yezirah C. Genesis, Old Testament III. Beliefs A. World Can be grasped through numbers and letters B. Job to discover hidden meaning in numbers and letters of holy scriptures through traditional magick methods C. Sephirot Tree of Life 1. ten numbers are working principals of life organized and pictured in the S.T.L. 10 - Malkuth Kingdom - Divine (Exile/Physical) 9 - Yesod - Foundation (Union of Male and Female) 8 - Hod - Glory (Dependence/Vulnerability) 7 - Netzach - Firmness (Leadership/Conference) 6 - Tiphareth - Beauty (Balance/Harmony) 5 - Geburah - Strength/Severity (Discipline/Boundaries) 4 - Chesed - Mercy/Love (Compassion/Healing) 3 - Binah - Intelligence/Understanding (Differentiation/Repentance) 2 - Chochmah - Wisdom (Pure Thought/Connectedness) 1 - Kether - Being/Existence (Will/Selflessness) 2. 11th Sephirot - Between Chochmah and Binah - Daath - Knowledge (sex) found in the first chapters of Genesis 3. climb tree by means of magick D. God 1. fills Universe 2. all things, good and evil/immanent and transcendent 3. boundless IV. Rituals/Ceremony A. Coming of Age 1. Bar Mitzvah a. ceremony of admitting a boy (13) to the adult Jewish community 2. Bat Mitzvah a. ceremony of admitting a girl (12 or 13) to the adult Jewish community B. Hanukah 1. eight days 2. signified with the Menorah 3. commemorating the rededication of The Temple in Jerusalem C. Prayer 1. pray in Hebrew 2. Shabbat is celebrated as the day of rest (sundown on Friday night to sun down on Saturday) 3. bow before entering a Jewish worship service Conclusion: Kabbalah is described as Jewish mysticism dating back to the beginning of time according to holy beliefs. Opposed to traditional Judaism, Kabbalistic beliefs are based on a different interpretation of the book of Genesis. Kabbalistic concepts consist mainly of a Sephirot Tree which organizes the ten basic principals of life and an organized Universe making this branch of Judaism very different than other mainstream religions. Kabbalists have faith that divine status can be reached through means of traditional magick to find the meaning in numbers and letters of the holy scriptures making Kabbalah very unique in it's beliefs. KABBALAH Kabbalah is described as Jewish mysticism dating back to the beginning of time according to holy beliefs. Opposed to traditional Judaism, Kabbalistic beliefs are based on a different interpretation of the book of Genesis. Kabbalistic concepts consist mainly of a Sephirot Tree which organizes the ten basic principals of life and an organized Universe making this branch of Judaism very different than other mainstream religions. Kabbalists have faith that divine status can be reached through means of traditional magick to find the meaning in numbers and letters of the holy scriptures making Kabbalah very unique in it's beliefs. Kabbalistic practices are believed to originate straight from God. Kabbalists believe that the secrets of the holy scriptures were taught by God to a group of angels in Heaven. The angels then came down upon earth in human form and taught the religion to the people of Israel. Writing of the Kabbalah dates back to the first reordered centuries of the earth (B.C.E.) known to creationists. The scriptures of Kabbalah include the Book of Zohar or Book of Splendor. The Zohar is a five-volume mystical commentary on the Torah. Torah is the Hebrew word for law or teaching and it more commonly referred to as the Books of Moses, the first five books of the Bible, Genesis; Exodus; Leviticus; Numbers; and Deuteronomy. It is traditionally said to be authored by Rabbi Shim'on bar Yohai, about 2000 years ago. Historically, it was probably put into written form in the fourteenth or fifteenth century by the Spanish rabbi Moses de Leon. Another scripture of Kabbalah is Sefer Yetzirah which means "Book of Formation". Sefer Yetzirah is a brief work on the Creation. It is traditionally ascribed to Abraham,

ADD †Attention Deficit Disorder

ADD – Attention Deficit Disorder Free Online Research Papers When I surveyed the class and asked the question, do you know anyone with a learning disability or not; ten of you said yes, and six said no. What you probably don’t know is that a lot of your friends most likely have a learning disability, you just don’t see it. I’m going to share with the class a true story from my past that I have never shared with anyone. It all started when I was diagnosed in the fifth grade. My teacher asked my mother to come to school because she needed to talk to her about how I was doing in my studies. Her exact words were, â€Å"Mrs. Jersey, I think you should know that your daughter is slow.† But I’m making it a point, to let the class know that I am, by no means, slow. But there was something wrong; my parents just didn’t pick up on it yet. Needless to say that a certain teacher was reprimanded for her actions that day and that I was tested for a learning disability within that same week. SLIDE 4- Congratulations you have attention deficit. Can you imagine being nine years old and being told that you have a disability? I didn’t feel like any of the other kids, not to mention I was failing every subject that was I taking. Until I was put on medication, even though it was a very small dose, it did the trick. Adderall; it changed my life. Within a week of taking my new prescription, my teachers noticed a drastic change in my performance in class. SLIDE 5- But I was dealing with other issues because of this medication, the dark side of it, the possible side effects that I wasn’t told about, until after I had them. The side effects that I experience were horrible, I was losing weight because I lost my appetite, I was constantly having severe migraines, I was always dizzy, and I couldn’t fall asleep if you paid me to. Why put any child through such an ordeal? I could stop taking the meds at anytime if I wanted to, but I didn’t. I finally felt normal for the first time, and I actually started to fit in with the other kids. Those side effects were a small price to pay when you consider what I was gaining in the end. Those were just my side effects, but there are many other ones, and there are a few that can be harmful to your health. ADD medicine can cause severe heart and liver problems; to this day I have to get blood work done each year to make sure that my liver is still in good condition. But no matter th e cost, it’s all worth it. SLIDE 6- There are tons of people out there who don’t agree with medicating a children. In doing extra research for my speech I found many websites who are trying to abolish the use of typical ADD/ ADHD medications. They are suggesting as an alternative, to try herbal medications, and other â€Å"steps† to deal with your child’s disability, that doesn’t involve any medication at all. One website, created an herbal drug called â€Å"mind soothe† that actually contains some drugs such as St. John’s Wart. I found this amusing because there are some drugs that I am forbidden to take, because they will have a bad chemical reaction with my attention deficit medications, and the outcome of that combination can result in life altering illnesses or even death. Want to know what the #1 drug that I am not permitted it take is? St. John’s Wart. But enough about all the medical information about this disability, now I’m going to tell you what life is like in my shoes. Many people don’t believe that ADD is the real deal. Hopefully you will understand what people who have a disability just like mine, go through every day. SLIDE 7- So what is it like to have ADD? Some people say the so-called syndrome doesnt even exist, but believe me, it does. Many metaphors come to mind to describe it. Its like driving in the rain with bad windshield wipers. Everything is blurred and youre speeding along, and its really frustrating not being able to see very well. Or, its like listening to a radio station with a lot of static and you have to strain to hear whats going on. Or, its like trying to build a house of cards in a dust storm. You have to build a something to protect yourself from the wind before you can even start on the cards. In other words its like being super-charged all the time. You get one idea and you have to act on it, and then, out of nowhere, youve got another idea before youve finished up with the first one, and so you go for that one, and pretty soon people are calling you disorganized and impulsive and all sorts of things that miss the point completely. Because you truly are trying really hard. Its just that you have all these invisible things pulling you this way, and it makes it really hard to stay on task. But there is a positive side to all this. Usually the positive doesnt get mentioned when people speak about ADD because people tend to focus on what goes wrong, or at least on what has to be somehow controlled. But often once the ADD has been diagnosed, and the child or the adult, with the help of teachers and parents or doctors and friends have learned how to cope with it, an untapped part of the brain comes into view. Suddenly the radio station is tuned in, the windshield is clear, and the sand storm has died down. And the child or adult, who had been such a problem, such a general pain in the neck to himself and everybody else, that person starts doing things hed never been able to do before. SLIDE 8- In places where most of us are blind, they can, if not see the light, at least feel the light, and they can produce answers apparently out of the dark. It is important for others to be sensitive to this sixth sense many ADD people have, and to encourage it. If the environment insists on rational thinking and good behavior from these people all the time, then they may never develop their creative side that makes them so unique. It can be tiresome to listen to people talk. They can sound so vague or as if they’re rambling on. But if you take them seriously and bear along with them, often you will find they are on the verge of startling conclusions or surprising solutions. Let me leave you by telling you that we need your help and understanding. We may make mess-piles wherever we go, but with your help, those mess-piles can be turned into a world of reason and art. So, if you know someone like me whos acting up occasionally and daydreaming and forgetting this or that and just not getting with the program, consider ADD before he or she starts believing all the bad things people are saying about them. The main point of this speech is that there is a more complex side to ADD than just a list of symptoms. ADD is a way of life, and until recently it has been hidden, even from those who have it. It is a way of living. Before the syndrome is diagnosed that way of living may be filled with pain and misunderstanding. After the diagnosis is made, one often finds new possibilities and the chance for real change. Research Papers on ADD - Attention Deficit DisorderTrailblazing by Eric AndersonStandardized TestingLifes What IfsBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenCapital PunishmentHip-Hop is ArtThe Spring and AutumnThe Hockey Game

The Commonwealth of Nations - African History

The Commonwealth of Nations - African History What is the Commonwealth of Nations? The Commonwealth of Nations, or more commonly just the Commonwealth, is an association of sovereign states consisting of the United Kingdom, some of its former colonies, and a few special cases. The Commonwealth nations maintain close economic ties, sporting associations and complementary institutions. When was the Commonwealth of Nations Formed? In the early twentieth century, the government of Britain was taking a hard look at its relationship with the rest of the British Empire, and particularly with those colonies populated by Europeans – the dominions. The dominions had reached a high level of self-government, and the people there were calling for the creation of sovereign states. Even amongst the Crown Colonies, Protectorates, and Mandates, nationalism (and the call for independence) was on the rise. The British Commonwealth of Nations was first noted in the Statute of Westminster on 3 December 1931, which recognized that several of the United Kingdoms self-governing dominions (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa) were autonomous communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs, though united by a common allegiance to the Crown, and freely associated as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations. What was new under the 1931 Statute of Westminster was that these dominions would now be free to control their own foreign affairs – they were already in control of domestic affairs – and to have their own diplomatic identity. Which African Countries are Members of the Commonwealth of Nations? There are 19 African states who are currently members of the Commonwealth of Nations. See this Chronological List of African Members of the Commonwealth of Nations, or Alphabetical List of African Members of the Commonwealth of Nations for details. Is it Only ex-British Empire Countries in Africa Who Have Joined the Commonwealth of Nations? No, Cameroon (which had only partially been in the British Empire following World War I) and Mozambique joined in 1995. Mozambique was admitted as a special case (ie could not set a precedent) following democratic elections in the country in 1994. All its neighbors were members and it was felt that Mozambiques support against white-minority rule in South Africa and Rhodesia should be compensated. On the 28th November 2009 Rwanda also joined the Commonwealth, continuing the special case conditions under which Mozambique had joined. What Kind of Membership Exists in the Commonwealth of Nations? The majority of African countries who had been part of the British Empire gained independence within the Commonwealth as Commonwealth Realms. As such, Queen Elizabeth II was automatically the head of state, represented within the country by a Governor-General. Most converted to Commonwealth Republics within a couple of years. (Mauritius took the longest to convert – 24 years from 1968 to 1992). Lesotho and Swaziland gained independence as Commonwealth Kingdoms, with their own constitutional monarchy as head of state – Queen Elizabeth II was recognized only as the symbolic head of the Commonwealth. Zambia (1964), Botswana (1966), Seychelles (1976), Zimbabwe (1980), and Namibia (1990) became independent as Commonwealth Republics. Cameroon and Mozambique were already republics when they joined the Commonwealth in 1995. Did African Countries Always Join the Commonwealth of Nations? All those African countries still part of the British Empire when the Statute of Westminster was proclaimed in 1931 joined the Commonwealth except for British Somaliland (which joined with Italian Somaliland five days after gaining independence in 1960 to form Somalia), and Anglo-British Sudan (which became a republic in 1956). Egypt, which had been part of the Empire until 1922, has never shown an interest in becoming a member. Do Countries Maintain Membership of the Commonwealth of Nations? No. In 1961 South Africa left the Commonwealth when it declared itself a republic. South Africa rejoined in 1994. Zimbabwe was suspended on 19 March 2002 and decided to leave the Commonwealth on 8 December 2003. What Does the Commonwealth of Nations do for its Members? The Commonwealth is best known for the Commonwealth games which are held once every four years (two years after Olympic games). The Commonwealth also promotes human rights, expects members to meet a set of fundamental democratic principles (curiously enough spelt out in the Harare Commonwealth declaration of 1991, given Zimbabwes subsequent departure form the association), to provide education opportunities, and maintain trade links. Despite its age, the Commonwealth of Nations has survived without needing a written constitution. It depends upon a series of declarations, made at Commonwealth Heads of Government Meetings.

Legal System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal System - Research Paper Example The third provision is the right against self-incrimination, which means that individuals facing trials should not be forced to testify against themselves in the court of law. The fourth provision talked about the issue of due process clause which implies that the government has no right to deprive any individual of the right to life, property or their liberty. The fifth major provision of the 5th Amendment stipulates that the government has no right to take any individual’s private property, except it is needed for a public purpose and even if that happens, the government must pay a fair price for this private property (Scwartz). The provisions of the Sixth Amendment are based on the rights of an individual to a speedy and open trial. People accused of committing a crime should be tried in places where the crime are believed to have taken place. The Sixth Amendment also stipulates that federal and state defendants have the right to have a jury that is not biased in order to decide whether they are guilty or innocent in a criminal offence. Another provision of the Sixth Amendment is that under no circumstance should an accused person be prosecuted if there is no concrete evidence against the person. The government is prohibited from prosecuting accused persons without giving them prior information of the type of charge leveled against them. The Amendment also stipulates that the accused person is entitled to reexamine witnesses that testify against them in the court of law. The accused also have the right to persuade or compel supporting witnesses to give evidences in the court and to have a lawyer that would defend them in the court of law (Scwartz). The Eighth Amendment of the US constitution stipulates that the court should compulsorily free criminal defendants from jail before their trial and this is based on the ability of the defendant to pay their bail, which stands as a guarantee that

Israeli Intelligence Agencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Israeli Intelligence Agencies - Essay Example There are a number of theories provided regarding Pollard’s decision to betray his country of birth unto the Jewish state; nonetheless, the fact that Pollard betrayed his country of birth to Israel is away from all doubt. His defense was that he never spied so much against the United States; rather, he spied for Israel by sending those documents, which according to him, the US should have eventually shared with Israel. Pollard lacked the authority of making a decision regarding what documents Israel must have; however, based on his position of trust in the US Navy Pollard succeeded in delivering over 1000 classified documents unto Israel whereby his payment was super. Those documents contained the names of over 150 US agents found in the Mideast, converted into agents for Israel. Nevertheless, the most egregious harm brought about by Pollard was stealing classified documents concerning the US Nuclear Deterrent comparative to the USSR and sending them to Israel. Sources in the US State Department reveal that Israel then went ahead to trade those stolen nuclear secrets unto the USSR, in return for enhanced emigration rations from the USSR to Israel. Apart from that, there was other information, which slipped from the US to Israel and eventually to the USSR resulting in the loss of American agents, who were operating within the USSR. This damage done to the United States was enormous; therefore, it was extremely difficult to envisage of a greater harm to national security compare to that caused by the treasonous behavior of Pollard. 2 This is a clear indication that Israel’s spies are far from being harmless. The cost of building and maintaining United States’ nuclear deterrent estimated at five trillion taxpayer dollars in the 50s and 60s, and below $100,000 to be undermined by Pollard. Although Israel waited 13 years to confess that Pollard had been their spy, they eventually granted him Israeli

All Men By Nature Desire Knowledge

All Men By Nature Desire Knowledge All men by nature desire knowledge quoted from Aristotles work Metaphysics. Aristotle raises the idea of humans need for knowledge. Since the dawn of human life, we have been trying to acquire knowledge in all different areas of life , and in order for us to believe that piece of knowledge, we request supporting evidence that is based on various ways of knowing. To what extent we require evidence to support our beliefs varies with different areas of knowledge. Some areas of knowledge require a certain degree of evidence. However, in other areas evidence is not required to support belief; Mathematics, the natural sciences and the human sciences are knowledge fields that require a degree of logical evidence due to their highly logic-based nature. On the other hand, belief in the arts, ethics and religion is not dependent on evidence. Mathematicians search for patterns then formulate conjectures, furthermore through deductive reasoning using the rules of inference and axioms they provide proof to these conjectures. Conjectures that have already been proven are often called theorems. Proof in mathematics is obtained through deductive and inductive reasoning rather than empirical arguments and the proof must demonstrate that the conjecture is true in all cases, without any exceptions. Mathematicians employ deductive logic through combining the axioms, definitions, and earlier theorems in order to provide proof for their conjectures. Considering two even integers A and B. Since they are even, they can be expressed as A = 2x and B = 2y respectively for integers x and y. Thus the sum A + B = 2x + 2y = 2 ( x + y ), from this it is clear that x + y has 2 as a factor consequently x + y are even. As a result, the sum of any two even integers is even. Establishing the truth of this conjecture was done through employing logi c through combining the definition of even integers ( A = 2x ) and the distribution law ( 2x + 2y = 2 ( x + y )). Briefly, in order for a statement to be believed in the area of mathematics it requires a high degree of logical evidence based on deductive and inductive reasoning combined with mathematical axioms, definitions and prior theorems to support mathematicians belief in that statement. Other areas of knowledge such as the natural sciences require a relatively average degree of evidence. The natural sciences branch into three main fields; Biology, chemistry, and physics. These sciences aim to study the natural rules and laws in which the universe obeys. At first scientists seek patterns in the world around them through empirical observation and then formulate generalizations concerning these observations, and through the use of logic discover the reason of such patterns. Evidence of a correct theory is induced by logical reasoning through the observation of the universe. Considering Newtons discovery of gravity, at first Newton observed an apple falling off an apple tree, and Newton as a scientist already knew that in order for an object to move it requires force in the same direction. Through the use of logic, Newton concluded that there is a force beneath him that pulled the apple in its direction. Briefly, in order for a theory to be believed in the natural scie nces it requires a degree of logical evidence based on observations of nature. The human sciences is an area of knowledge that requires a relatively low degree of evidence to support belief in that area. Human sciences investigate human activities in order to assemble theories predicting human behavior. Proof of such theorems is acquired through the observation of sensory experiences and by means of objective observation of psychological experience. One of the most significant and known theorems in this field of study is Freuds psychoanalytic theory, in which Freud assembled a theory to analyze human behaviors. The general concept of the theory is that unconscious motivations, sex and violence in specific, of human beings influence the development of their personality. Freud supported his theory with evidence he acquired through employing logic in the observation of the humans development process and the humans behavior at each stage of development. The extent of evidence that Freud used to support his theory was relatively low and subjective in comparison with other areas, he supported his work using empirical observation, nevertheless many people today believe in his theory and it is well-known worldwide. Briefly, in order for a theory to be believed in the human sciences a degree of evidence must be present, however, the degree of evidence is small and subjective in relativity to other areas. On the other hand some areas of knowledge require no evidence to support a belief in a knowledgeable statement. To begin with, it must be understood that the arts discipline encompasses literary, visual and performing arts. The definition of a good piece of art is creative and original nevertheless the genuineness of a piece of art lies in the perspective of the viewer. Obtaining a persons belief in genuineness of a piece of art whether visual, literary, or performing is not dependent on providing evidence that the piece is genuine, but lies in the viewers sensory perspective of that piece and his prior background in arts. As a result, this lack of evidence lead people to use each others sensory perspective and experiences as evidence. For example, an amateur artist would take the word of an experienced artist in believing in the originality of a piece of art. Another area of knowledge requiring no evidence to support belief is ethics. Ethics is an area of knowledge that addresses issues concerning concepts of right and wrong, generally concepts of morality. Ethical systems and theories are postulated in order to encourage people to turn their attention from the world around them to themselves, consequently encouraging people to realize their full potential and achieve full self-awareness. Ethical theories do not need evidence to support the peoples belief in their concepts, simply because humans are born in pursuit of knowledge in order to realize their full potential, thus no evidence is needed. Considering Aristotles postulated ethical system self-realizationism in which Aristotle suggests that when a person acts in accordance with his nature and his full potential , that person will be good and content; Aristotle needed no evidence to support his theory due to our continuous pursuit of self-actualization. Briefly, the need for evidence to support others belief in ethical theories is not needed due to our constant search for knowledge which we seek in order to reach our full potential, and achieve the highest state of self-awareness. The final and most significant area in which evidence is not required to support our belief is religion. Religions from Christianity to Hinduism suggest a set of beliefs concerning the purpose of our life in this universe, suggesting the supernatural divine God which represents our creator and the reason behind our existence. The most significant belief that religions set is the belief in the presence of God, the presence of a superior being or soul is impossible to prove thus the creative idea of faith takes control; faith is the idea of believing without the need for evidence. The creation of such an idea is brilliant due to the fact that faith suppresses our need to perceive and scientifically understand the concept of the superior God. It could be argued that religion often opposes itself in some ideas. For example the idea of God is almighty, God can do everything is controversial. This statement implies a generalization that due to its enormous size causes contradiction. This c an be clarified by asking the question Can God create a rock that he himself cannot destroy, if the answer is yes then God is not capable of destroying the rock, consequently not capable of doing everything. On the other hand, if the answer is no then God is unable to create everything. This paradox created, due to the extent of generalization, in that statement shows that no evidence is needed to believe in the idea of God. In the Theaetetus, one of Platos dialogues concerning the nature of knowledge, Plato argues that knowledge always involves belief. After studying the extent of evidence required to support belief in all areas of knowledge, it is clear that belief is present in all areas of knowledge although minimal in scientific areas. An inverse relationship between the need for evidence and the need for belief in an area of knowledge is noticed; as the belief is minimal in areas like math, the evidence required to support it is maximum and vice versa in other areas like religion. As humans, our curious nature demands evidence in order to acquire our belief. To sum up, the extent of evidence required to support a persons beliefs in different areas of knowledge is not only dependent on each area, it is also dependent on the person himself and his/her prior knowledge.

Bowen Family Systems

Bowen Family System Theory Introduction In doing my studies on family/systemic counselling, I found Bowen’s theory intriguing. In my work and everyday life, I witness triangulation on a daily basis, from my own experience, without the awareness from this module, I was often entwined in triangulation. As a trainee therapist I decided to write my paper on Bowenian Therapy in order to gain a better understanding and develop my awareness. Murray Bowen, M. D. (31 January 1913 – 9 October 1990) was an American psychiatrist and a professor in Psychiatry at the Georgetown University. Bowen was among the pioneers of family therapy and founders of systemic therapy. â€Å"The family systems theory is a theory introduced by Dr. Murray Bowen that suggests that individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their family, as the family is an emotional unit. Families are systems of interconnected and interdependent individuals, none of whom can be understood in isolation from the system† (Genopro. com 18/11/2010) Bowen’s interest in family began as he was practicing as a psychiatrist in the 1940s. He focused on schizophrenic patient’s emotional relationships with their mothers. Others have called it a symbiosis relationship, but for him it was only an exaggerated natural process of emotional relationship. In 1954 he started to hospitalize the entire family of the sick (schizophrenic) person. He found out that the entire family suffered with the sick person emotionally. He also studied the relationship between mother-child symbioses. This involved a certain repetitive pattern, where he observed alternating patterns of closeness and distance. They portrayed sensitive emotional tensions caused by separation anxiety and incorporation anxiety. In 1959 he started working with families with less severe problems. Surprisingly these families displayed the same problems as the disturbed families. He concluded that there is no discontinuity between the normal and disturbed families but vary along a continuum line of emotional fusion to differentiation. Bowen was one of the first to realize that the history of our family creates a template which shapes the values, thoughts, and experiences of each generation, as well as how that generation passes down these things to the next generation. Bowen's theory focuses on the balance of two forces – togetherness and – individuality. Too much togetherness can prevent individuality, or developing one's own sense of self whereas too much individuality results in a distant and estranged family. The theory looks at the family as a system and describes the complex interactions that exist in any one unit. The way members of a family are connected and the way they react to one another makes the functioning of family members interdependent. According to the theory, mental illness happens as a result of emotional fusion. This can happen when there is an increase in the level of emotions and anxiety in the family. Bowen introduced eight interlocking concepts to explain family development and functioning. Below I will provide an overview of each concept. Differentiation of Self The first concept is Differentiation of Self, or the ability to separate feelings and thoughts. Undifferentiated people can not separate feelings and thoughts; They have difficulty thinking logically because when asked to think they are flooded with feelings, so this makes It difficult for them to base their responses on their own logical thinking. They also have difficulty differentiating between their feelings and the feelings of others. They look to their family to define how they think about issues, feel about people, and interpret their experiences. Differentiation is the process of freeing yourself from your family's processes to define yourself so you can have different opinions and values than your family members, but are still capable of staying emotionally connected to them. It means being able to calmly reflect on a conflicted interaction afterward, realising your wn role in it, and then choosing a different response for the future. Triangles Triangles are the basic units of systems. They balance between closeness and distance. The third person or party brings unity and creates continuity in warring situation. The triangle brings stressed person into a manageable level of operation. This involves true listening and gives a true advice for a better solution. In it virtually all relationships are shadowed by third part ies. For example when a couple have an argument, afterwards, one of the partners may call their friend to talk about the fight. The third person helps them reduce their anxiety and take action, or calm their strong emotions and reflect, and make decision. People who are more undifferentiated are likely to triangulate others and be triangulated whereas people who are differentiated cope well with life and relationship stress, and as a result are less likely to triangulate others or be triangulated. The Nuclear Family Emotional Process These are the emotional patterns in a family that continue over generations. This involves a modeling scenario where a family member models and imitates the behaviour and even the language of his or her parents. For example, a parent who teaches his or her children to be happy when things are ok and sad when things are bad shapes the future thinking of those children. Here the parent passes on an emotional view of the world (the emotional process), which is taught throughout generation from parent to a child, in a nuclear family. Reactions to this process can range from open conflict, to physical or emotional problems in one family member, to reactive distancing. This will bring problems with family members like substance abuse, mental illness and irresponsibility. The Multigenerational Transmission Process This process entails the way family emotional processes are transferred and maintained over generations. This captures how the whole family joins in The Family Projection Process, for example, by reinforcing the beliefs of the family. As the family continues this pattern over generations, they also refer back to previous generations (â€Å"He's just like his Uncle – he was always irresponsible too† or â€Å"She's just like your cousin Mary – she was divorced four times. â€Å"). Sibling Position Bowen believed In sibling order and that each child had a place in the family hierarchy. He believed that the oldest sibling was more likely to be seen as overly responsible and mature whilst the youngest as overly irresponsible and immature. Emotional Cut-off Emotional cut-off refers to the techniques people use to reduce anxiety from their unresolved emotional issues with parents, siblings, and other members from the family of origin. Some people seek distance either by moving away physically or emotionally using silence, diversion or avoidance of difficult and hurtful topics. To avoid sensitive issues, they may move away from their families and refuse to go home regularly. This strategy may work in the short term to reduce immediate anxiety but over time, the deeper, unresolved problems are toxic towards other relationships. An open relationship is the opposite of emotional cut-off. It is the best way to reduce a family's over-all anxiety. Continued low anxiety permits family members who would like to, to begin the slow steps to better differentiation. Bowen wrote, â€Å"It might be difficult for a family with severe cut-offs to begin more emotional contact with the extended family, but any effort toward reducing the cut-off with the extended family will soften the intensity of the family problem, reduce the symptoms, and make any kind of therapy far more productive. Societal Emotional Processes The concept of societal emotional process describes how the emotional system governs behaviour on a societal level, promoting both progressive and regressive periods in a society. Cultural forces are important in how a society functions but are insufficient for explaining the rise and fall in how well societies adapt to the challenges that face them. The society’s attitudes towards for example different r aces, classes, genders and sexual orientation, have definite effects on the family. In many ways, this is like the Family Projection Process scaled up to the level of a society as a whole. The way a family deals with prejudice, discrimination and persecution is instinctively passed on to their children so that they can survive in their unique environment. The coping practices of the parents and extended family may lead to more or less adaptive emotional health for the family and its members. Normal Family Development According to Bowen, all families lie along a continuum. Bowen believed that all families lie on a spectrum or continuum and that it is difficult to try to classify families into types. If circumstances change, one type of family could change and become another type of family. For this reason, Bowen is credited with being one of the first culturally sensitive family therapists. A normal, adjusted family will have tensions and anxieties but will be balanced in terms of their togetherness and differentiation. A normal family will have good emotional balance and recognise that some problems are external and others come from the individual. There are connections between the different generations in the family and also to the extended family. The transitions for example from adolescence to adulthood are smooth and supported by the wider family. Past pains and joys are shared. Bowen says no matter how we transform and forget the past, these memories of our relationship, still stay alive in us. The danger is the way our former family attachment will shape our new family. At various times difficulties in different relationships, sometimes called dyads, are resolved without drawing in others into their difficulties. The ability to tolerate and support family members with different views supports differentiation and is a sign of a healthy family. Awareness of external societal influences as well as the unique family influences helps a family to become well adjusted. During times of grief and loneliness for example, family members give space and allow the person opportunity to grow. A positive emotional atmosphere with a belief in the virtues of family builds normal family development. Finally, when family members depend on each ther for feedback and support rather than in co-dependent ways, the family develops healthily. Family Disorders Bowen believed that family problems result from emotional fusion, or from an increase in the level of anxiety in the family. He believed that the member with â€Å"the symptom† is the least differentiated member of the family, and is the one who has the least ability to resist the pull to become fused with another member. This person absorbs the anxiety an d worries of the whole family and has the least ability to separate their own thoughts and feelings from those of their family. Families face two kinds of problems. Vertical problems are â€Å"passed down† from one generation to the next. Thus, adults who had cold and distant relationships with their parents do not know how to have warm and close relationships with their children, and so pass down their own problems to their children. Horizontal problems are caused by environmental stressors or transition points in the family development. This may result from traumas such as a chronic illness, the loss of the family home, or the death of a family member. However, horizontal stress may also result from Social Emotional Processes, such as when a minority family moves from a like-minority neighbourhood to a very different neighbourhood, or when a family with traditional gender roles immigrates to a culture with very different views, and must raise their children there. The worst case for the family is when vertical and horizontal problems happen at once. Goals of Therapy Bowen’s therapy was not aimed at changing people or solving problems, it was basically geared towards: †¢ Helping families to inquire and explore their own roles in family problems Making them assume responsibility for their own problems†¢ People learning more about themselves and their relationships †¢ Decreasing emotional reactivity†¢ Improving self-focus †¢ Modifying dysfunctional patterns †¢ Evaluating progress of the family in terms of how they function now, as well as how adaptive they can be to future changes In general, the t herapist accomplishes this by giving less attention to specific problem they present with, and more attention to family patterns of emotions and relationships, as well as family structures of dyads and triangles. Techniques that are most prominent in the practice of Bowenian family systems therapy. Genogram: Bowen used what he termed a â€Å"family diagram† to collect and organise important data concerning the multigenerational family systems. In 1972 Guerin renamed the family diagram the â€Å"genogram. † The main function of the genogram is to organise data during the evaluation phase and to track relationship processes and key triangles over the course of therapy. In the process of assessment, the following are noted: the history of the presenting problems, exact dates are noted, history of the nuclear family, when the parents met, their courtship, their marriage, child rearing, where the family lived especially in relation to the location of the extended family, history of both spouses birth, sibling positions, facts about childhood, past and current functioning with parents The Therapy Triangle: This technique is based on the theoretical assumption that conflictual relationship processes within the family have activated key-symptom-related triangles in an attempt to re-establish stability; and the family will automatically attempt to include the therapist in the triangling process. If they succeed, therapy will be stalemated. On the other hand, if the therapist can remain free of reactive emotional entanglements, in other words, stay detriangled ,the family system and its members will calm down to the point where they can begin to work out s olutions to their dilemmas. Relationship Experiments: Relationship experiments are carried out around structural altercations in key triangles. The goal is to help the family members become aware of systems processes and learn to recognise their role in them. Thomas F. Fogarty developed experiments for use with emotional pursuers and distancers (lartin-drake. com 28/12/2010). Pursuers are encouraged to restrain their pursuit, stop making demands, and decrease pressure for emotional connection and see what happens in themselves and in the relationship. The exercise isn’t designed to be a magic cure, as some people have hoped, but to help clarify the emotional processes involved. Distancers are encouraged to move toward the other person and communicate personal thoughts and feelings, in other words, to find an alternative to either avoiding or capitulating to the others’ demands. Coaching: Coaching is the Bowenian alternative to the more emotionally involved role common to most other forms of therapy. By acting as a coach, the Bowenian therapist hopes to avoid taking over for patients or becoming embroiled in family triangles. The goal is increased understanding, increased self-focus, and more functional attachment to key family members. The I-Position: Taking a personal stand, saying what you feel, instead of what others are â€Å"doing†, is one of the most direct ways to break cycles of emotional reactivity. Bowenian therapists not only encourage clients to take I-Position, they also do so themselves. Another assumption in Bowenian therapy is that confrontation increases anxiety and decreases the ability to think clearly and see options. Therefore, displacing the focus, making it less personal and less threatening, is an excellent way to increase objectivity. This forms the basis for two related techniques, multiple family therapy and displacement stories. Conclusion In conclusion I believe that Bowen developed a comprehensive theory of family therapy which inspired generations. His theory describes how the family shapes the interplay of individuality and togetherness using six interlocking concepts which are: differentiation of self, triangles, nuclear family emotional process, family projection process, multigenerational transmission process and sibling position. In 1970 Bowen added two additional concepts: emotional cut-off and societal emotional process. Bowenian therapy is a process of active inquiry in which the therapist helps family members get past blaming and fault finding in order to face their own roles in family problems. The goals of Bowenian therapy are not to change people or to solve their problems. Instead they see therapy as an opportunity for people to learn more about themselves and their relationships so that they can assume responsibility for their own problems. Contents Introduction Differentiation of Self The Nuclear Family Emotional Process Triangles The Multigenerational Transmission Process Sibling Position Emotional Cut-off Societal Emotional Processes Normal Family Development Family Disorders Goals of Therapy Conclusion Bibliography Bibliography http://www. abacon. com/famtherapy/bowen. html (14/12/2010) http://www. anzjft. om/pages/articles/78. pdf (14/12/2010) http://www. bukisa. com/articles/293438_what-is-the-concept-of-bowen-family-therapyixzz14iOkMQpM (16/12/2010) http://www. genopro. com/genogram/fam ily-systems-theory/ (22/10/2010) http://www. houd. info/bowenTheory. pdf (22/10/2010) http://www. lartin-drake. com/distancer. pdf (22/10/2010) Bibliography http://www. abacon. com/famtherapy/bowen. html http://www. psychpage. com/learning/library/counseling/bowen. html http://www. bukisa. com/articles/293438_what-is-the-concept-of-bowen-family-therapy http://www. thebowencenter. org/ http://homepages. wmich. edu/~macdonal/SW 6680. 05/Friedman. Bow†¦ Contents Introduction

Truman Capote is Famous for His Novels, Stories and...

Truman Capote was born September 30th 1924 and died August 15th 1984. At the age of seventeen he got a job writing in the New Yorker magazine. In his lifetime he wrote many great books including In Cold Blood, Other Voices, A Christmas Memory, The Thanksgiving Visitor, many more wonderful stories. In Cold Blood was published September twenty fifth in 1965. Truman Capote received much help in his four years of writing In Cold Blood from Harper Lee who wrote To Kill a Mockingbird. He was very famous and was seen at the best parties and clubs. There is even a movie of the story In Cold Blood made December twelfth 1967 Rated R. In Cold Blood was his most famous book. Truman appeared on talk shows because of it. Capote is famous for his novels, stories and screenplays that have been used to produces at least 20 films. To celebrate the book’s success, Capote threw what many called the â€Å"Party of the Century,† the famous â€Å"Black and White Ball.† This maske d ball, at New York’s elegant Plaza Hotel. After a bad review by a journalist Capotes friends cut him off and he ended up doing drugs and drinking. Dick and Perry are cellmates in jail. Perry is in Jail for murdering a black man, and Dick is just in jail. In Jail Dick meets a man named Floyd Wells who tells about a family he used to work for named the clutters and how they had a safe with ten thousand dollars in it. Ever since then Dick has been talking to Perry about robbing them when they got out of jail.Show MoreRelatedHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird and Truman Capotes A Christmas Memory1258 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee and Truman Capote, two of the greatest 20th century authors, were once prodigious best friends. And best friends share everything; their thoughts, their dreams, but most importantly, their ideas. So could it be possible that Capote, a prolific writer, could have played a role in writing Lee’s esteemed novel, To Kill a Mockingbird? Doubtful. Through comparisons of Lee’s only work to Capote’s â€Å"A Christmas Memory† it can be seen that despite similarities, these friendsâ €™ works differ too greatlyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1910 Words   |  8 Pages To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. It was immediately successful, winning the Pulitzer Prize, and has become a classic of modern American literature. The plot and characters are loosely based on the author s observations of her family and neighbors, as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. The novel is renowned for its warmth and humor, despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality. The narratorRead More Cinematic Appropriations of The Great Gatsby Essay2022 Words   |  9 PagesCinematic Appropriations of The Great Gatsby      Ã‚  Ã‚   Although Paramounts 1974 version of The Great Gatsby - the one with Robert Redford and Mia Farrow - is probably the most famous, there have actually been six attempts to flatten Fitzgeralds novel into two dimensions.   The first was a silent film released in 1926.   The second version, with Alan Ladd as Gatsby, appeared in 1949.   Two television adaptations followed, one with Robert Montgomery in 1955 and the other with Robert Ryan in 1958